CBSE Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus 2024-25

CBSE 2024-25 Syllabus for Class 12 Computer Science

The Computer Science Syllabus Class 12 2024-25 goes over basic computer science notions, such as how computers originate and operate, which are important in the current digital era when computers are used almost everywhere. The three fundamental topics covered in the CBSE Class 12 Computer Science syllabus are database management, computer networks, and computational thinking and programming - 2.

The 2024-25 academic year syllabus has been released and we were prompt about prediction of the changes. Below, we have provided you with a simple analysis of the Class 12 Computer Science Syllabus, along with:

• PDF download -> 2024-25 (latest) and past year syllabus
• Competency Focus -> What is new
• Detailed analysis -> blueprint of all units & chapters

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CBSE Computer Science Syllabus Class 12 2024-25

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CBSE Computer Science Syllabus Class 12 2023-24

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(for reference purposes)

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Computer Science Syllabus Class 12: Importance

Theory

Unit 1: Computational Thinking and Programming – 2

• Revision of Python topics covered in Class XI.
• Functions: types of function (built-in functions, functions defined in module, user-defined functions), creating user-defined functions, arguments and parameters, default parameters, positional parameters, function returning value(s), flow of execution, the scope of a variable (global scope, local scope)
• Exception Handling: Introduction, handling exceptions using try-except-finally blocks
• Introduction to files, types of files (Text file, Binary file, CSV file), relative and absolute paths
• Text file: opening a text file, text file open modes (r, r+, w, w+, a, a+), closing a text file, opening a file using with clause, writing/appending data to a text file using write() and writelines(), reading from a text file using read(), readline() and readlines(), seek and tell methods, manipulation of data in a text file
• Binary file: basic operations on a binary file: open using file open modes (rb, rb+, wb, wb+, ab, ab+), close a binary file, import pickle module, dump() and load() method, read, write/create, search, append and update operations in a binary file
• CSV file: import csv module, open/close csv file, write into a csv file using writer(),writerow(),writerows() and read from a csv file using reader()
• Data Structure: Stack, operations on stack (push & pop), implementation of stack using list.

Unit 2: Computer Networks

• Evolution of Networking: introduction to computer networks, evolution of networking (ARPANET, NSFNET, INTERNET)
• Data communication terminologies: the concept of communication, components of data communication (sender, receiver, message, communication media, protocols), measuring the capacity of communication media (bandwidth, data transfer rate), IP address, switching techniques (Circuit switching, Packet switching)
• Transmission media: Wired communication media (Twisted pair cable, Co-axial cable, Fiber-optic cable), Wireless media (Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared waves)
• Network devices (Modem, Ethernet card, RJ45, Repeater, Hub, Switch, Router, Gateway, WIFI card)
• Network topologies and Network types: types of networks (PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN), networking topologies (Bus, Star, Tree)
• Network protocol: HTTP, FTP, PPP, SMTP, TCP/IP, POP3, HTTPS, TELNET, VoIP
• Introduction to web services: WWW, Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Extensible Markup Language (XML), domain names, URLs, websites, web browsers, web servers, web hosting

Unit 3: Database Management

• Database concepts: introduction to database concepts and their need
• Relational data model: relation, attribute, tuple, domain, degree, cardinality, keys (candidate key, primary key, alternate key, foreign key)
• Structured Query Language: introduction, Data Definition Language and Data Manipulation Language, data type (char(n), varchar(n), int, float, date), constraints (not null, unique, primary key), create a database, use the database, show databases, drop the database, show tables, create a table, describe the table, alter table (add and remove an attribute, add and remove primary key), drop table, insert, delete, select, operators (mathematical, relational and logical), aliasing, and distinct clauses, where clause, in, between, order by, meaning of null, is null, is not null, like, update command, delete command, aggregate functions (max, min, avg, sum, count), group by, having clause, joins: cartesian product on two tables, equi-join and natural join 
• Interface of Python with an SQL database: connecting SQL with Python, performing insert, update, delete queries using cursor, display data by using connect(), cursor(), execute(), commit(), fetchone(), fetchall(), rowcount, creating database connectivity applications, use of %s format specifier or format() to perform queries

Practical

Python Programming

• Read a text file line by line and display each word separated by a #.
• Read a text file and display the number of vowels/consonants/uppercase/lowercase characters in the file.
• Remove all the lines that contain the character 'a' in a file and write it to another file.
• Create a binary file with the name and roll number. Search for a given roll number and display the name, if not found display the appropriate message.
• Create a binary file with roll number, name and marks. Input a roll number and update the marks.
• Write a random number generator that generates random numbers between 1 and 6 (simulates a dice).
• Write a Python program to implement a stack using the list.
• Create a CSV file by entering user-id and password, and read and search for the password for the given userid.

Database Management

• Create a student table and insert data. Implement the following SQL commands on the student table:some text
  • ALTER table to add new attributes / modify data type/drop attribute
  • UPDATE table to modify data
  • ORDER By to display data in ascending/descending order
  • DELETE to remove tuple(s)
  • GROUP BY and find the min, max, sum, count and average
• Similar exercises may be framed for other cases.
• Integrate SQL with Python by importing suitable modules.

Project Work

The class project aims to create something tangible and useful using Python file handling/ Python-SQL connectivity. This should be done in groups of two to three students and should be started by students at least 6 months before the submission deadline. The aim here is to find a real-world problem that is worthwhile to solve.

Students are encouraged to visit local businesses and ask them about the problems that they are facing. For example, if a business is finding it hard to create invoices for filing GST claims, then students can do a project that takes the raw data (list of transactions), groups the transactions by category, accounts for the GST tax rates, and creates invoices in the appropriate format. Students can be extremely creative here. They can use a wide variety of Python libraries to create user-friendly applications such as games, software for their school, software for their disabled fellow students, and mobile applications, of course, to do some of these projects, some additional learning is required; this should be encouraged. Students should know how to teach themselves.

The students should be sensitized to avoid plagiarism and violations of copyright issues while working on projects. Teachers should take the necessary measures for this.

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Computer Science Syllabus Class 12: Importance

Programming Skills: It connects students to languages like Python and C++ that allow them to learn the fundamentals of programming and hone their problem-solving abilities. The ability to program is very useful in many different domains, such as automation, data analysis, and software development.

Data Structures and Algorithms: The foundation of computer science, the CBSE computer science syllabus class 12 2024-25 covers topics like arrays, stacks, queues, linked lists, trees, and graphs. Comprehending algorithms and data structures is crucial for creating effective software and maximising computing workloads.

Database Management: This course introduces students to the fundamentals of database management systems, including relational database design, normalisation, and SQL queries. Since data is becoming more and more important across a wide range of industries, understanding database administration helps organise and evaluate big datasets.

Networking and Communication: Computer network topics including kinds of networks, protocols, and network security are covered in the course. Understanding networking principles is essential for both assuring the security of data transfer and facilitating communication and cooperation in today's linked society.

Emerging Technologies: The syllabus includes fundamental ideas as well as a foundation for comprehending cutting-edge technologies including the Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, and artificial intelligence. Industry innovation is being propelled by new technologies, and students who have a solid foundation in computer science will be well-equipped to delve further into these topics.

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How to Prepare Using Computer Science Syllabus Class 12

Understand the syllabus: Start by getting acquainted yourself with the CBSE Class 12 Computer Science syllabus in its entirety. Learn about the subjects that will be covered, how much each topic will be tested on, and what level of comprehension is required for each one.

Establish a Study Timetable: Create a study plan that will enable you to go over the full course methodically. Divide the curriculum into digestible chunks and set up designated time intervals for each subject. Make sure your study plan is feasible and reasonable in light of your other obligations and interests.

Read Textbooks: Your main source of study material should be the NCERT textbooks that the CBSE has recommended. The textbooks are an invaluable tool for grasping foundational ideas and offer thorough treatment of the whole course. Take special note of the exercises, examples, and explanations that are included in the textbooks.

Practice Previous Year Papers: Previous year's examination question papers are a great way to be ready for an exam. Try to complete as many past year papers as you can to get a sense of the format, kinds, and difficulty of the questions. Examine your performance and note any areas that require development.

Solve Sample Papers: Practice solving example papers created especially for CBSE Class 12 Computer Science in addition to the previous year's examinations. Sample papers allow you to assess your level of preparation while simulating the real test situation. To get experience with various question types, try to complete a range of sample papers.

Focus on Programming guidelines: Computer science combines theoretical knowledge with real-world programming principles. Give particular attention to data structures, algorithms, and programming ideas. Write code for a variety of algorithms and programs in practice, paying attention to the logic and reasoning that go into each one. You should practise debugging programmes if you want to improve your programming abilities.

You will be able to succeed on your CBSE Class 12 Computer Science board examinations if you adhere to your study schedule and use these comprehensive study techniques. Effective time management, practice, and in-depth knowledge are all necessary components of a systematic approach to preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Computer Science board examinations.