CBSE Syllabus History Class 12 2026 | Free PDF for 2025-26 Exams

‍Latest CBSE Class 12 History Syllabus 2025-26

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Are you preparing for the CBSE Class 12 History exam for 2025-26? Understanding the syllabus is crucial for effective study and success. The CBSE Class 12 History curriculum is designed to provide a deep insight into India’s rich past, divided into three parts: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern History. It covers key themes such as the Harappan Civilization, early states and societies, the Mughal Empire, colonial rule, the freedom struggle, and the framing of the Indian Constitution.

The syllabus includes theory-based learning, map work, and project work, ensuring a well-rounded understanding of historical events. With 80 marks allocated to theory and 20 marks for projects, it encourages analytical thinking and research skills. By familiarising yourself with the syllabus, you can structure your study plan effectively and enhance your performance in the board exams. Stay ahead by exploring each theme in detail and making history an engaging and insightful subject!

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Class 12 History Syllabus 2025-26: Course Structure

History is more than just dates and events—it’s about understanding how societies, cultures, and nations evolved. The CBSE Class 12 History syllabus for 2025-26 is structured to provide a deep insight into India's past, covering Ancient, Medieval, and Modern history.

Part 1: Themes in Indian History

Chapter 1: Bricks, Beads and Bones The Harappa Civilisation

A thorough summary of the Harappa Civilization is given in Chapter 1, together with an analysis of its importance in the development of human civilization and the lessons learned from archaeological study. It lays the groundwork for the next chapters' in-depth examination of ancient Indian history.

Chapter 2: Kings, Farmers and Towns Early States and Economies (c.600 BCE600 CE)

"Kings, Farmers and Towns: Early States and Economies (c.600 BCE -600 CE)," the second chapter of CBSE Class 12 History, explores the formation of early states and economies in ancient India between about 600 BCE and 600 CE. 

Chapter 3: Kingship, Caste and Class Early Societies (c. 600 BCE600 CE)

Providing important insights into the complexity of early Indian history, Class 12 History Syllabus 2025-26 Chapter 3 offers a thorough review of the socio-political systems, caste dynamics, economic activities, and cultural accomplishments of ancient Indian communities.

Chapter 4: Thinkers, Beliefs and Buildings Cultural Developments (c. 600 BCE600 CE)

In the fourth chapter of CBSE Class 12 History, the intellectual, ideological, and architectural marvels that defined the ancient world's cultural milieu between 600 BCE and 600 CE are covered in detail. It draws attention to how many civilizations are interrelated, as well as the depth of intellectual investigation and human creativity at this time.

Part 2: Themes in Indian History

Chapter 5: Through the Eyes of Travellers Perceptions of Society (c. tenth to seventeenth centuries)

In the fifth chapter of CBSE Class 12 History, "Through the Eyes of Travellers: Perceptions of Society (c. tenth to seventeenth centuries)," different travellers' accounts of Indian civilization from the tenth to the 17th centuries are examined.

Chapter 6: Bhakti-Sufi Traditions Changes in Religious Beliefs and Devotional Texts (c. eighth to eighteenth centuries)

In "Bhakti-Sufi Traditions: Changes in Religious Beliefs and Devotional Texts (c. eighth to eighteenth centuries)," the sixth chapter of CBSE Class 12 History, delves into the formation and evolution of Bhakti and Sufi movements in India from the eighth to the eighteenth centuries.

Chapter 7: An Imperial Capital – Vijayanagar (c. fourteenth to sixteenth centuries)

The emergence and significance of the Vijayanagara Empire in South India during the 14th and 16th centuries are examined in Chapter 7 of CBSE Class 12 History, "An Imperial Capital – Vijayanagar (c. fourteenth to sixteenth centuries)".

Chapter 8: Peasants, Zamindars and the States Agrarian Society and the Mughal Empire (sixteenth-seventeenth centuries)

In "Peasants, Zamindars and the State: Agrarian Society and the Mughal Empire (c. sixteenth-seventeenth centuries)," Chapter 8 of the CBSE Class 12 History textbook, the dynamics of agrarian society during the Mughal Empire in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries are explored. 

Part 3: Themes in Indian History

Chapter 9: Colonialism and The Countryside Exploring Official Archives

In addition to introducing students to the official archive research methods, Chapter 9 offers them an understanding of the intricate dynamics of colonisation in rural areas. It fosters the analytical and critical thinking abilities needed for examining and analysing historical materials.

Chapter 10: Rebels and Raj 1857 Revolt and its Representations

A thorough summary of the 1857 uprising is given in Chapter 10, which also looks at its causes, progression, and outcomes, as well as how it is portrayed in popular culture and historical debate.

Chapter 11: Mahatma Gandhi and the National Movement Civil Disobedience and Beyond

The eleventh chapter of the CBSE Class 12 History course is entitled "Mahatma Gandhi and the National Movement: Civil Disobedience and Beyond." The involvement of Mahatma Gandhi in the Indian National Movement is the main topic of this chapter, along with the effect that his use of civil disobedience had on the country's fight for independence. 

Chapter 12: Framing of the Constitution The Beginning of a New Era

A thorough analysis of the Indian Constitution's drafting process is given in Chapter 12, which also emphasises the document's historical significance and ongoing influence on the country's democratic values.

In the Humanities, there are lots of theoretical subjects along with CBSE Class 12 History. Students can include Hindi Core and Psychology using Class 12 Psychology and Class 12 Hindi Core Syllabus in their exam preparation strategy. 

Internal Assessment and Viva Voce

1. Introduction, Statement of Purpose/Need, and objectives of the study, Hypothesis/Research Question, Review of Literature, Presentation of Evidence, Methodology, Questionnaire, Data Collection
2. Significance and relevance of the topic; challenges encountered while conducting the research
3. Content analysis and its relevance in the current scenario. Conclusion, Limitations, Bibliography, Annexures, and Overall Presentation
4. Final Assessment and VIVA by both Internal and External Examiners

Map Work in Class 12th History Syllabus

Book 1

1. Mature Harappan Sites - Harappa, Banawali, Kalibangan, Balakot, Rakhigarhi, Dholavira, Nageshwar, Lothal, Mohenjo-Daro, Chanhudaro, KotDiji
2. Mahajanapada and Cities - Vajji, Magadha, Kosala, Kuru, Panchala, Gandhara, Avanti, Rajgir, Ujjain, Taxila, Varanasi
3. Distribution of Ashokan Inscriptions - Pillar Inscriptions – Sanchi, Topra, Meerut Pillar and Kaushambi, Kingdom of Cholas, Cheras, and Pandyas
4. Important Kingdoms and Towns - Kushanas, Shakas, Satavahanas, Vakatakas, Guptas

Cities/towns: Mathura, Kanauj, Puhar, Braghukachchha, Shravasti, Rajgir, Vaishali, Varanasi, and Vidisha

5. Major Buddhist Sites - Nagarjunakonda, Sanchi, Amaravati, Lumbini, Nasik, Bharhut, Bodh Gaya, Ajanta

Book 2

1. Bidar, Golconda, Bijapur, Vijayanagar, Chandragiri, Kanchipuram, Mysore, Thanjavur, Kolar, Tirunelveli
2. Territories under Babur, Akbar, and Aurangzeb - Delhi, Agra, Panipat, Amber, Ajmer, Lahore, Goa

Book 3

1. Territories/Cities under British Control in 1857- Punjab, Sindh, Bombay, Madras Berar, Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Surat, Calcutta, Patna, Allahabad
2. Main Centers of the Revolt of 1857- Delhi, Meerut, Jhansi, Lucknow, Kanpur, Azamgarh, Calcutta, Benaras, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Agra, Awadh
3. Important Centers of the National Movement- Champaran, Kheda, Ahmedabad, Benaras, Amritsar, Chauri Chaura, Lahore, Bardoli, Dandi, Bombay (Quit India Resolution), Karachi

Why Download CBSE History Syllabus Class 12 2026?

If you're a Class 12 student preparing for the CBSE History exam in 2025-26, downloading the official syllabus is a crucial first step. It acts as a roadmap, helping you understand what to study, how to structure your preparation, and what to expect in the board exams. Here’s why having a copy of the syllabus is essential:

Understand the Exam Pattern and Marking Scheme

The CBSE History syllabus provides a detailed breakdown of the course structure, including the division of topics and marks weightage. Knowing this helps students prioritize important chapters and allocate study time effectively. The exam consists of:

• Theory (80 marks) – Divided into three parts: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern Indian History.
• Project Work (20 marks) – Encourages research and critical thinking skills.

Helps in Strategic Study Planning

With a syllabus in hand, you can create a well-structured study plan. It allows you to divide your time efficiently among different historical periods, ensuring you cover everything before exams. Without a proper study plan, students often struggle to complete the syllabus on time.

Ensures You Study the Right Topics

CBSE makes periodic changes to the syllabus to keep it relevant. If you rely on outdated study materials, you might end up preparing for unnecessary topics or missing crucial ones. Downloading the latest syllabus ensures that you are studying exactly what’s required for the 2025-26 board exams.

Aligns with NCERT and CBSE Guidelines

The CBSE board follows NCERT textbooks for the Class 12 History curriculum. The syllabus helps students match their studies with the prescribed NCERT content, making learning more efficient and exam-focused. This also ensures that students are prepared for the board’s question paper pattern.

Prevents Last-Minute Confusion

Many students realise too late that they have overlooked an important topic. By keeping a copy of the syllabus, you can track your progress and ensure all themes are covered well before the exam.

Assists in Project and Map Work

Apart from theory, the History syllabus includes project work, which carries 20 marks. Having a copy of the syllabus helps you understand the expectations for this component and choose an appropriate project topic. Additionally, the syllabus outlines map work requirements, ensuring you focus on the correct locations and historical sites.

Boosts Confidence and Reduces Exam Stress

When you have a clear understanding of what to study, you feel more confident in your preparation. Instead of feeling lost or overwhelmed, you can focus on mastering the key themes and improving your answering skills.

Useful for Teachers and Parents

Teachers can use the syllabus to design lesson plans and assessments, ensuring they cover all topics effectively. Parents can also track their child’s progress and provide support where needed.

How to Download the Class 12 History Syllabus 2025-26?

• Visit the official CBSE website (cbse.gov.in).
• Navigate to the Academic section and select the Class 12 syllabus.
• Download the History syllabus PDF for easy reference.

Study Plan Using Class 12 History Syllabus for CBSE 2025-26

Preparing for the CBSE Class 12 History exam requires a well-structured study plan. The syllabus for 2025-26 is divided into three parts: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern History- covering key themes that require in-depth understanding. A strategic approach will help you cover all topics effectively while leaving enough time for revision. Here’s a step-by-step study plan to help you stay on track:

Step 1: Understand the Syllabus and Marking Scheme

Start by downloading the latest CBSE Class 12 History syllabus and go through it carefully. The syllabus is divided into:

• Themes in Indian History – Part I (Ancient History)
• Themes in Indian History – Part II (Medieval History)
• Themes in Indian History – Part III (Modern History)
• Map Work (5 Marks)
• Project Work (20 Marks)

Focus on chapters that carry higher weightage and ensure you don’t miss out on any topics.

Step 2: Create a Study Timetable

A well-planned schedule will help you cover all topics efficiently. Here’s a sample study plan:

Month 1: Focus on Ancient History

Week 1-2:

• Harappan Civilization – Features, town planning, economy, and society
• Early States and Economies – Mauryan and Gupta Empires, governance, trade

Week 3-4:

• Social Structures – Caste system, kinship, religious beliefs
• Cultural Developments – Buddhism, Jainism, temple architecture

Revision Tip: Make short notes and flowcharts for quick recall.

Month 2: Medieval History

Week 5-6:

• Bhakti and Sufi Traditions – Influence on Indian society
• Travellers’ Accounts – Ibn Battuta, Al-Biruni, and their observations

Week 7-8:

• The Vijayanagara Empire – Architecture, administration, economy
• Agrarian Society During Mughal Rule – Zamindars, peasants, revenue system

Study Strategy: Use NCERT textbooks and previous year question papers for reference.

Month 3: Modern History

Week 9-10:

• Colonialism in India – Economic policies, impact on agriculture
• 1857 Revolt – Causes, consequences, and representations

Week 11-12:

• Mahatma Gandhi and the Freedom Struggle – Civil Disobedience, Quit India Movement
• Framing of the Indian Constitution – Key features and challenges

Exam Tip: Focus on timelines and major events to answer long-answer questions effectively.

Step 3: Regular Revision and Practice

• Revise Notes Weekly – Go through summary notes every Sunday to reinforce concepts.
• Solve Sample Papers – Attempt at least one previous year’s paper every two weeks.
• Map Work Practice – Identify important historical sites and practise marking them.
• Project Work Completion – Start early and research thoroughly to score well.

Step 4: Last Month Before Exams – Full Syllabus Revision

• Allocate one week per section for a full revision.
• Solve mock tests under exam conditions.
• Focus on weak areas and review important themes.

By following this structured study plan, you can cover the CBSE Class 12 History syllabus effectively without last-minute stress. Stay consistent, revise regularly, and use NCERT textbooks for accurate information. A well-planned approach will help you score high in your board exams with confidence!

The CBSE Class 12 History syllabus is an essential document for students, teachers, and parents. It provides a clear structure, helps in study planning, and ensures students stay on track for the board exams. Downloading and referring to the latest syllabus can make your preparation smoother and more effective. So, get your copy today and start preparing with confidence!