ICSE Biology Syllabus Class 10 2025-26 | PDF Download for 2026 Board Exams

Thursday, March 20, 2025

Biology is one of the most interesting subjects in the ICSE curriculum, as it helps students understand life and its intricate processes. The ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Biology focuses on human anatomy, plant physiology, genetics, and environmental science, building a strong foundation for medical and scientific careers. Knowing the Biology ICSE Class 10 syllabus in detail will help students plan their preparation effectively and score well in exams.

Also, don’t forget to check out the ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Syllabus to streamline your science preparation.

ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Biology PDF – Download the Latest PDF

The ICSE Class 10 Biology syllabus 2025-26 has been released. It's super important for students, parents, and teachers to get familiar with these updates. Download it from the link below and get started!

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Assessment Structure for Biology ICSE Class 10 Syllabus

The Biology exam for Class 10 consists of both external and internal assessments. The external assessment in ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Biology includes a written exam, while the internal assessment focuses on practical work, reinforcing theoretical knowledge.

  • External Examination: One theory paper of 2 hours (80 marks)
  • Internal Assessment: Practical work (20 marks)

The ICSE Class 10 Biology Marking Scheme helps students understand how their performance will be evaluated:

Component Marks Allocation
Theory Paper 80 Marks
Internal Assessment 20 Marks

Biology Class 10 ICSE Syllabus Detailed Breakdown

The ICSE Biology Syllabus Class 10 is well-structured and covers a variety of important topics. Here’s a detailed breakdown of what you need to study in Biology ICSE Class 10 Syllabus:

1. Basic Biology

  • Cell Cycle and Cell Division (Interphase, Mitosis, Meiosis)
  • Structure of chromosomes (chromatin, chromatid, gene, DNA, centromere)
  • Genetics (Mendel's laws, mono/dihybrid crosses, sex-linked inheritance)

2. Plant Physiology

  • Absorption by roots (osmosis, diffusion, active/passive transport)
  • Transpiration (process, significance, factors affecting it)
  • Photosynthesis (light/dark reactions, carbon cycle)
  • Chemical coordination in plants (growth regulators, tropic movements)

3. Human Anatomy & Physiology

  • Circulatory System (blood, heart, vessels, lymphatic system)
  • Excretory System (kidneys, nephron structure and function)
  • Nervous System (neuron structure, brain, reflex actions)
  • Sense Organs (eye and ear structure, functions, defects)
  • Endocrine System (glands, hormones, feedback mechanisms)
  • Reproductive System (organs, fertilization, menstrual cycle)

4. Population

  • Population explosion in India
  • Control measures and related issues

5. Human Evolution

  • Human ancestors and their characteristics
  • Theories: Lamarck's inheritance of acquired characteristics and Darwin's natural selection

6. Pollution

  • Types and sources of pollution
  • Biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes
  • Effects of pollution and control measures

Internal Assessment (Practical Work)

The Internal assessment of ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Biology is created to test the ability of the candidates to make a correct observation from specimens of animals and plants. The details of the internal assessment are provided below as it is: 

a) PLANT LIFE

(i) Observation of permanent slides of stages of mitosis.

(ii) Experiments demonstrating:

  • Diffusion: using potassium permanganate in water.
  • Osmosis: Thistle Funnel experiment and potato osmoscope.
  • Absorption: using a small herbaceous plant.

(iii) Experiments on Transpiration:

  • Demonstration of the process using a Bell Jar.
  • Demonstration of unequal transpiration in a dorsiventral leaf using cobalt chloride paper.
  • Demonstration of uptake of water and the rate of transpiration using Ganong’s potometer.

(iv) Experiments on Photosynthesis:

  • To show the necessity of light, carbon dioxide, and chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
  • To show the release of O2 during photosynthesis using hydrilla/elodea.

b) ANIMAL LIFE

(i) Identification of the structures of the urinary system, heart, and kidney (internal structure) and

brain (external view) through models and charts

(ii) The identification of different types of blood cells under a microscope.

(iii) Identification of the internal structure of the Ear and Eye (Through models and charts).

(iv) Identification and location of selected endocrine glands: Adrenal, Pancreas, Thyroid, and Pituitary glands with the help of a model or chart.

ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Biology Exam Pattern

The theory paper will be divided into two sections, Section I (40 marks) and Section II (40 marks). Section I (compulsory) will contain short answer questions. Section II will consist of six questions out of which candidates will be required to answer any four-question.

Section Type of Questions Marks Distribution
Section A Short Answer Questions 40 Marks
Section B Long Answer Questions 40 Marks

Preparation Tips for Biology Board Exam 

To ace the ICSE syllabus Class 10 Biology, follow these easy and effective preparation strategies:

1. Use Prescribed Textbooks - Trust your textbooks, folks! The ICSE-prescribed books are your best friends in this journey. They’re packed with everything you need to know about Biology ICSE Class 10 Syllabus nail concepts and clear doubts. Skip the shortcuts and stick to these for accurate info. 

2. Solve ICSE Biology Class 10 PYQs & Sample Papers - Here’s the secret sauce to scoring high marks – Past Year Questions and ICSE Biology Sample Papers Class 10. Get your hands on these and start solving them like it’s a quiz game! Nothing beats the thrill of solving a tough question and getting it right! 

3. Make Flashcards - Okay, who doesn’t love flashcards? They’re like mini cheat sheets for terms, definitions, and diagrams. Instead of memorizing huge paragraphs, write down quick notes and key concepts on flashcards – perfect for a 5-minute revision session before the exam. You’ll find yourself flipping through them while waiting for the bus or during break time. Trust me, it helps you retain more in less time!

4. Focus on Diagrams - Biology + Diagrams = Match made in heaven! You can’t escape diagrams in Biology (nor would you want to!). 

Pro tip: Label everything! A perfect diagram can win you half the marks – so practice them till you can draw them in your sleep!

5. Revise Regularly - We get it, revising can feel like a chore sometimes, but trust me, it’s worth it! So keep revisiting those tough chapters, like Reproduction or Heredity. The more you revise, the less stressed you'll be on exam day!

The ICSE Biology syllabus Class 10 is well-balanced, covering theoretical and practical aspects of life sciences. With strategic preparation, regular practice, and a focus on key concepts, students can easily score high in their board exams. Happy studying! All the best!

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What are the important chapters in the ICSE Class 10 Biology syllabus?

Students often ask about which chapters are most crucial for exams. Key chapters typically include:

  • Life Processes
  • Control and Coordination
  • Reproduction in Plants and Animals
  • Heredity and Evolution
  • Human Diseases and Disorders

2. How do I prepare for the ICSE Biology exam?

Students commonly look for study tips. A few effective strategies include:

  • Understanding and memorizing diagrams, such as the structure of the human heart, plant cell, and the human digestive system.
  • Thoroughly practicing sample papers and past exam questions.
  • Mastering definitions, functions, and processes mentioned in the syllabus.

3. What is the marking scheme for the ICSE Biology exam?

Students want to know how marks are allocated in the exam. Biology usually includes:

  • Theory (80 marks)
  • Practical (20 marks)
  • Questions typically involve 5-6 short-answer questions, long-answer questions, and diagrams.

4. What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

This topic is frequently asked, especially in questions related to cell division. Key differences include:

  • Mitosis: Produces 2 identical daughter cells (for growth/repair).
  • Meiosis: Produces 4 non-identical gametes (for reproduction), with genetic variation.

5. What are the common human diseases and their causes?

Students often search for important diseases and their causes, including:

  • Tuberculosis (TB): Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  • Malaria: Caused by Plasmodium parasites, spread by mosquitoes.
  • AIDS: Caused by the HIV virus, affects the immune system.
  • Dengue Fever: Caused by a virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.
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