Physics is basically about figuring out how everything around us works—through cool principles, experiments, and solving problems. The ICSE Class 10 Physics Syllabus for 2025-26 shows you how physics is behind all the tech we use. You’ll cover everything from mechanics to modern physics, and learn how these things shape the gadgets we can’t live without. Also. ICSE Mathematics Syllabus Class 10 should be studied thoroughly for better performance and lesser calculations errors in Physics numericals.
ICSE Class 10 Physics Syllabus PDF for the Year 2025-26 – Download the Latest PDF
The Physics Syllabus Class 10 ICSE has been released and will make you a pro at thinking logically and handling numbers—skills you’ll definitely need if you want to get into science or engineering later. Download Physics Syllabus Class 10 ICSE from the link below;
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Assessment Structure for ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Physics
The Class 10 Physics examination includes both theory and practical components. The external exam evaluates conceptual understanding, while internal assessments focus on hands-on experiments and analysis.
- External Examination: One paper of 2 hours, carrying 80 marks
- Internal Assessment: Practical work and assignments, carrying 20 marks
Only SI Units are to be used unless stated otherwise in the question paper in Physics Syllabus Class 10 ICSE
| Component |
Marks |
| Theory Paper |
80 |
Practical and
Internal Assessment |
20 |
| Total |
100 |
Physics Class 10 ICSE Syllabus Detailed Breakdown
Physics is all about asking questions and finding logical explanations. The Physics ICSE Syllabus Class 10 for 2025-26 is structured into important topics covering mechanics, electricity, heat, and modern physics.
1. Force, Work, Power, and Energy
- Turning forces concept, moment of force, forces in equilibrium
- Centre of gravity (qualitative only) with examples
- Uniform circular motion, differences between centrifugal and centripetal force
- Work, energy, power and their relation with force
- Different types of energy (chemical, mechanical, heat, electrical, nuclear, sound, light)
- Mechanical energy: potential energy (U = mgh) and kinetic energy (K = ½mv²)
- Simple machines: levers, pulley systems (mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, efficiency)
- Principle of conservation of energy
2. Light
- Refraction through glass block and triangular prism
- Real and apparent depth of objects in water
- Total internal reflection and critical angle
- Applications of total internal reflection
- Lenses (converging and diverging): characteristics, magnification, ray diagrams
- Power of lenses and applications
- Spectrum production using triangular prism
- Electromagnetic spectrum: classification, properties, applications
- Scattering of light (blue sky phenomenon)
3. Sound
- Reflection of sound waves and echoes
- Applications of echoes (bats, dolphins, fishermen, medical field, SONAR)
- Natural vibrations, damped vibrations, forced vibrations, resonance
- Loudness, pitch and quality of sound
- Sound level in decibels
- Noise pollution
4. Electricity and Magnetism
- Ohm's Law: EMF, potential difference, resistance
- Resistances in series and parallel, internal resistance
- Electrical power and energy measurements
- Commercial units of electrical energy (kWh)
- Household circuits: main circuit, switches, fuses, earthing, safety precautions
- Three-pin plugs and color coding of wires
- Magnetic effect of current (Oersted's experiment)
- Electromagnets and comparison with permanent magnets
- Fleming's Left Hand Rule and DC electric motor
- Electromagnetic induction (elementary)
- AC generator and advantages over DC
- Transformers: types, characteristics, uses
5. Heat
- Calorimetry: specific heat capacity, principle of method of mixtures
- Heat and temperature units
- Thermal capacity and specific heat capacity
- Natural phenomena involving specific heat
- Latent heat of fusion
- Change of phase and heating curve for water
6. Modern Physics
- Radioactivity and nuclear changes
- Nuclear structure, atomic number, mass number
- Types of radiation (α, β, γ): nature, properties, and changes within nucleus
- Uses of radioactivity and radioisotopes
- Harmful effects and safety precautions
- Nuclear fission and fusion (basic introduction and equations)
ICSE Physics Class 10 Experiments List May Include:
Acc to ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Physics, candidates will conduct experiments according to the given instructions. The experiment could be from topics not mentioned in the syllabus but their theoretical knowledge is also not necessary while performing the experiments. Students should follow instructions given in Physics Syllabus Class 10 ICSE, record readings accurately, and present them neatly. Graphs may be required. Understanding concepts like least count, significant figures, and basic error handling is important.
- Lever experiments and calculations
- Pulley systems (VR and MA determination)
- Light refraction through glass slab
- Focal length determination of convex lens
- Triangular prism experiments
- Specific heat capacity calculations
- Latent heat determination
- Ohm's law verification
- Household wiring models
ICSE Physics Class 10th Exam Pattern
In Physics Syllabus Class 10 ICSE, the paper will be divided into two sections, Section I (40 marks) and Section II (40 marks). Section I (compulsory) will consist of short answer questions. Section II will consist of six questions out of which candidates will be required to answer any four questions.
| UNITS |
SUB-UNITS |
MARKS |
| 1. Force, Work, Power and Energy |
(i) Turning forces concept; moment of a force; forces in equilibrium; centre of gravity; [discussions using simple examples and simple numerical problems].
(ii) Uniform circular motion.
(iii) Work, energy, power, and their relation with force.
(iv) Different types of energy (e.g., chemical energy, Mechanical energy, heat energy, electrical energy, nuclear energy, sound energy, light energy).
(v) Machines as force multipliers; load, effort, mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and efficiency; simple treatment of levers, and pulley systems showing the utility of each type of machine.
(vi) Principle of Conservation of energy. |
|
| 2. Light |
(i) Refraction of light through a glass block and a triangular prism - qualitative treatment of simple applications such as real and apparent depth of objects in water and apparent bending of sticks in water. Applications of refraction of light.
(ii)) Total internal reflection: Critical angle; examples in triangular glass prisms; comparison with reflection from a plane mirror (qualitative only). Applications of total internal reflection.
(iii) Lenses (converging and diverging) including characteristics of the images formed (using ray diagrams only). magnifying glass; location of images using ray diagrams and thereby determining magnification.
(iv) Using a triangular prism to produce a visible spectrum from white light; Electromagnetic spectrum. Scattering of light. |
| 3. Sound |
(i) Reflection of Sound Waves; echoes: their use; simple numerical problems on echoes.
(ii) Natural vibrations, Damped vibrations, Forced vibrations, and Resonance - a special case of forced vibrations.
(iii) Loudness, pitch, and quality of sound. |
| 4. Electricity and Magnetism |
(i) Ohm’s Law; concepts of emf, potential difference, resistance; resistances in series and parallel, internal resistance.
(ii) Electrical power and energy.
(iii) Household circuits – main circuit; switches; fuses; earthing; safety precautions; three-pin plugs; colour coding of wires.
(iv) Magnetic effect of a current (principles only, laws not required); electromagnetic induction(elementary); transformer. |
80 |
| 5. Heat |
(i) Calorimetry: meaning, specific heat capacity; principle of method of mixtures; Numerical Problems on specific heat capacity using heat loss and gain and the method of mixtures.
(ii) Latent heat; loss and gain of heat involving change of state for fusion only. |
| 6. Modern Physics |
(i) Radioactivity and changes in the nucleus; background radiation and safety precautions.
(ii) Nuclear fission and fusion; basic introduction and equations. |
| INTERNAL ASSESSMENT: Practical Work |
20 |
| TOTAL |
100 |
Preparation Tips for Physics Board Exam
Physics might seem tricky, but smart preparation makes all the difference! Here’s how you can ace the ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Physics Exam:
- Stick to Your Textbook – The ICSE textbook has all the concepts you need. Don’t skip any chapter—trust me, it’s got your back!
- Solve Previous Year Papers – Wanna know what’s coming? Solve past 10 years papers to get a feel for the exam pattern.
- Focus on Numericals – Get super comfy with Ohm’s Law, power equations, and kinematics problems. The more you practice, the easier they get!
- Practice Diagrams – Whether it’s ray diagrams in optics or electric circuits, neat diagrams will totally bag you extra marks.
- Use Flashcards – SI units, formulas, and key definitions? Jot them down on flashcards for quick revisions—easy to carry around!
- Take Mock Tests – Time yourself with class 10 sample papers. It’s the best way to level up your speed and accuracy before the real deal.
The ICSE Syllabus Class 10 Physics is designed to build analytical and practical skills. With the right strategy, consistent practice, and conceptual clarity, you can master physics and score high in exams. Stay curious, experiment, and keep exploring the wonders of science! All the best!
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What topics are covered in the ICSE Class 10 Physics syllabus?
Answer: The ICSE Class 10 Physics syllabus covers a wide range of topics including:
- Force and Motion (Laws of Motion, Work, Energy, and Power)
- Optics (Reflection, Refraction, and Ray Diagrams)
- Electricity and Magnetism (Ohm’s Law, Electric Circuits, and Magnetic Effects)
- Heat (Thermal Expansion, Specific Heat Capacity)
- Modern Physics (Atomic Structure, Nuclear Physics)
- Sound (Propagation, Speed, and Applications)
2. How should I start preparing for the ICSE Class 10 Physics exam?
Answer: To start preparing:
- Read the Textbook: Stick to the ICSE-prescribed textbook, it’s your best friend.
- Understand the Concepts: Focus on grasping the concepts, not just memorizing them.
- Solve Numericals: Practice solving numerical problems regularly, especially Ohm’s Law and kinematics.
3. How important are numericals in the ICSE Physics exam?
Answer: Numericals are a big deal in ICSE Physics! They make up a significant part of the exam like 20-25 marks for sure. Make sure to:
- Master formulas.
- Understand how to apply them to solve problems.
- Practice as many problems as you can to improve speed and accuracy.
4. Do I need to focus on diagrams in Physics?
Answer: Yes, diagrams are super important! Whether it’s ray diagrams in optics or circuit diagrams in electricity, neat and correctly labeled diagrams can earn you extra marks. Practice drawing them properly—clarity counts!
5. How can I memorize the key formulas and definitions for Physics?
Answer: Flashcards are your best bet! Write down key formulas, SI units, and definitions on flashcards and revise them regularly. Quick revisions help you keep everything fresh in your memory.
6. Are previous year question papers important for Physics preparation?
Answer: Absolutely! Solving Physics Class 10 PYQs helps you understand the exam pattern and types of questions that are asked. It’s also a great way to practice time management and improve your exam skills.
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