Biology Syllabus for NEET 2025: PDF with Unit-wise Division

Biology helps you understand the changes in the human body. If you study biology with complete dedication then you can also aspire for various domains like doctor, engineer, nurse, psychologist, scientist, teacher, etc. 

The National Eligibility Entrance Test (NEET), formerly known as the All India Pre-Medical Test (AIPMT), is the qualifying test for MBBS and BDS programs in Indian medical and dental colleges. 

The syllabus is the same as that of the previous years only the paper pattern has changed this time. Students are now provided with 3 hours and 20 minutes to complete the exam. There will be 2 sections in each subject. Section A will contain 35 questions and section B will contain 15 questions. Out of these 15 questions in section B, students are required to attempt any 10 questions. 

You can download the syllabus from the link below.

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On this page, we have provided direct and free access to the NEET-UG Biology Syllabus 2025.

NEET-UG Biology Syllabus 2025

( The content marked in <green> green <green> is newly added by NMC and the <red>red<red> marked is deleted from the syllabus.)

CONTENTS OF CLASS XI SYLLABUS

UNIT I: Diversity in Living World:-

• What is living?; Biodiversity; Need for classification; <red>Three domains of life; Taxonomy & Systematics;<red> Concept of species and taxonomic hierarchy.
• Binomial nomenclature; Tools for study of Taxonomy – Museums, Zoos, Herbaria, Botanical Gardens.
• Five kingdom classifications; salient features and classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.
• Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms <red>and Angiosperms (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category); Angiosperms classification up to class, <red> characteristic features and examples).
• Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to class level <green> (three to five salient features and at least two examples). <green>

UNIT II: Structural Organization in Animals and Plants:-

• Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and racemose, flower, fruit, and seed. <green> (To be dealt with along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus) Family (malvaceae, Cruciferae, leguminoceae, Compositae, graminae). <green>
• Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy, and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous, and reproductive) of an insect <green>(Frog)<green> <red> (cockroach).<red> (Brief account only)

UNIT III: Cell Structure and Function:-

• Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles-structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, microbodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultrastructure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.
• Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action, <green>classification and nomenclature of enzymes. <green>
• B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, and their significance.

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UNIT IV: Plant Physiology:-

• <red> Transport in plants: Movement of water, gasses and nutrients; Cell to cell transport-Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport; Plant – water relations – Imbibition, water potential, osmosis, plasmolysis; Long distance transport of water- Absorption, apoplast, symplast, transpiration pull, root pressure and guttation; Transpiration-Opening and closing of stomata; Uptake and translocation of mineral nutrients-Transport of food, phloem transport, Mass flow hypothesis; Diffusion of gasses (brief mention).
• Mineral nutrition: Essential minerals, macro and micronutrients and their role; Deficiency symptoms; Mineral toxicity; Elementary idea of Hydroponics as a method to study mineral nutrition; Nitrogen metabolism-Nitrogen cycle, biological nitrogen fixation.<red>
• Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis takes place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and noncyclic and photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.
• Respiration: Exchange gasses; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.
• Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation, and dedifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth regulators-auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA; <red> Seed dormancy; Verbalizations; Photoperiodism. <red>

UNIT IV: Human Physiology:-

• <red> Digestion and absorption; Alimentary canal and digestive glands; Role of digestive enzymes and gastrointestinal hormones; Peristalsis, digestion, absorption and assimilation of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; Caloric value of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; Egestion; Nutritional and digestive disorders – PEM, indigestion, constipation, vomiting, jaundice, diarrhea. <red>
• Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans- Exchange of gasses, transport of gasses, and regulation of respiration
• Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.
• Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system- Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure.
• Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system structure and function; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.
• Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, flagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.
• Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humans central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, and visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse; <red> Reflex action; Sense organs; Elementary structure and function of eye and ear.<red>
• Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exophthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease).
• (Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt with briefly.)

CONTENTS OF CLASS XII SYLLABUS

‍UNIT I: Reproduction:-

• <red> Reproduction in organisms: Reproduction, a characteristic feature of all organisms for continuation of species; Modes of reproduction – Asexual and sexual; Asexual reproduction; Modes-Binary fission, sporulation, budding, gemmule, fragmentation; vegetative propagation in plants.<red>
• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies, and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes-apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.
• Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilization, embryo development up to blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).
• Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control- Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

UNIT II: Genetics and Evolution:-

• Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Codominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex-linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.<red> protein biosynthesis <red>
• Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA fingerprinting.
• Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidence for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology, and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution-Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy- Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.

UNIT III: Biology and Human Welfare:-

• Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ringworm, <green> dengue, chikungunya <green>); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse.
• Improvement in food production; Plant breeding, tissue culture, single cell protein, Biofortification; Apiculture and Animal husbandry.
• Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation, and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.

UNIT IV: Biotechnology and Its Applications:-

• Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).
• Application of Biotechnology in Health and Agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues-Biopiracy and patents.

UNIT V: Ecology and environment :-

• Organisms and environment: <red> Habitat and niche; Population and ecological adaptations;<red> Population interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
• Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy; <red>Nutrient cycling (carbon and phosphorous); Ecological succession; Ecological Services-Carbon fixation, pollination, oxygen release.<red>
• Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries.
• <red>Environmental issues: Air pollution and its control; Water pollution and its control; Agrochemicals and their effects; Solid waste management; Radioactive waste management; Greenhouse effect and global warming; Ozone depletion; Deforestation; Any three case studies as success stories addressing environmental issues.<red>

How to Prepare for NEET Biology?

The most significant portion of the 2025 test is NEET Biology. Candidates must thus begin studying as soon as possible for the NEET 2025 Biology Exam. Proficient candidates and professionals have provided valuable tips for getting ready for the biology portion of the NEET 2025. 

Go Through the NEET Syllabus

It's critical to comprehend the curriculum for the NEET 2025 Biology subject if you want to do well. Class 11 and Class 12 material are covered in the test, albeit there are different numbers of questions from each class. About forty to forty-two questions, or roughly 45% of the Biology portion, will come from the Class 11 syllabus. 

The remaining questions—roughly 48–50—come from Class 12. It's important to consider this aspect while organising your study schedule or making edits. Candidates must thoroughly understand the biology curriculum for 2025 if they hope to succeed in the NEET exam.

Work on Time Management Skills

Effective time management is essential to NEET 2025 preparation. Prospective biologists should make extensive plans before beginning their study. Establishing a regular study schedule and allocating specific time for every subject is crucial. But the secret to this plan's success is to follow it through every time.

Creating charts, tables, and private notes is a great way to prepare for the biology portion of the NEET. Because biology is mostly a memory subject, note-taking and table-making are essential. Chapters can be better understood and retained for longer by being divided into manageable chunks. It might also be beneficial to include flowcharts, bullet points, different colours, and highlighters in your notes.

Solve Previous Year's Question Papers

Students need at least complete question papers from the last ten years to adequately prepare for the NEET Biology portion. Along with earlier NEET tests, it's beneficial to attempt question papers from AIIMS and JIPMER examinations till 2019. But it's advisable to begin working on these papers after finishing at least half of the course material.

In addition to previous exam papers, NEET practice exams are crucial. Answering a lot of practice exams allows you to cover all the major themes that may be covered in the NEET Biology section, as there is a limit to the number of questions that may be asked in the subject.

Find the Right Books

Selecting the appropriate books is essential for NEET 2025 Biology preparation. Examinees receive 360 marks for the biology subject, which has 100 questions covering both zoology and botany. This is a very important area, and applicants should pay close attention to it.

Suggested reading for NEET UG 2025 Biology is one of the subjects that aid in idea comprehension and get students ready for objective questions. For NEET biology study, NCERT books for Classes 11 and 12 are a must. They establish a solid basis and broaden knowledge in the field.

Botany and zoology are included in the NEET 2025 biology exam, where candidates can receive up to 360 marks. A solid biological understanding can result in good grades. The Biology curriculum for NEET 2025 should be properly studied by applicants, as it has an equal amount of questions from Classes 11 and 12.

FAQs

1. Is the NEET 2025 biology syllabus similar to the NCERT Class 12 syllabus?

Yes, the NEET 2025 Biology syllabus comprises the Class 11 and Class 12 NCERT syllabus. 

2. What are the deleted chapters from NEET Biology Syllabus 2025?

Almost 35% of the syllabus was deleted. The deleted chapters from the NEET Biology Syllabus 2025 include Taxonomy Aid, salient features, and classification of plants into major groups: angiosperms, secondary growth, transport in plants (except xylem and phloem), mineral nutrition, vernalisation, seed democracy, sense organs, digestion and absorption, reproduction in organisms, strategies for enhancement in food production, succession, and environmental issues.

3. What is chapter-wise mark usage for NEET Biology 2025?

The NEET Biology 2025 section in the exam is for 360 marks, with Molecular Basis of Inheritance, followed by Principles of Inheritance and Variation, Animal Kingdom, and Biotechnology: Principles and Processes.