Biology Syllabus for NEET 2025: PDF with Unit-wise Division

Biology helps you understand the changes in the human body. If you study biology with complete dedication then you can also aspire for various domains like doctor, engineer, nurse, psychologist, scientist, teacher, etc. 

The National Eligibility Entrance Test (NEET), formerly known as the All India Pre-Medical Test (AIPMT), is the qualifying test for MBBS and BDS programs in Indian medical and dental colleges. 

The syllabus is the same as that of the previous years only the paper pattern has changed this time. Students are now provided with 3 hours and 20 minutes to complete the exam. There will be 2 sections in each subject. Section A will contain 35 questions and section B will contain 15 questions. Out of these 15 questions in section B, students are required to attempt any 10 questions. 

You can download the syllabus from the link below.

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On this page, we have provided direct and free access to the NEET-UG Biology Syllabus 2025.

NEET-UG Biology Syllabus 2025

Unit I: Diversity in Living World:-

• What is living? ; Biodiversity; Need for classification;; Taxonomy & Systematics;

Concept of species and taxonomical hierarchy; Binomial nomenclature;

• Five kingdom classification; salient features and classification of Monera; Protista and Fungi into major groups; Lichens; Viruses and Viroids.
• Salient features and classification of plants into major groups-Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms (three to five salient and distinguishing features and at least two examples of each category);
• Salient features and classification of animals-nonchordate up to phyla level and chordate up to classes level (three to five salient features and at least two examples).

 Unit II: Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants:-

• Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of different parts of flowering plants: Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence- cymose and recemose, flower, fruit and seed (To be dealt along with the relevant practical of the Practical Syllabus) Family (malvaceae, Cruciferae, leguminoceae, compositae, graminae).
• Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy and functions of different systems (digestive, circulatory, respiratory, nervous and reproductive) of an insect (Frog). (Brief account only)

 Unit III: Cell Structure and Function:-

• Cell theory and cell as the basic unit of life; Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell; Plant cell and animal cell; Cell envelope, cell membrane, cell wall; Cell organelles- structure and function; Endomembrane system-endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, lysosomes, vacuoles; mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, micro bodies; Cytoskeleton, cilia, flagella, centrioles (ultra structure and function); Nucleus-nuclear membrane, chromatin, nucleolus.
• Chemical constituents of living cells: Biomolecules-structure and function of proteins, carbodydrates, lipids, nucleic acids; Enzymes-types, properties, enzyme action, classification and nomenclature of anzymes
• B Cell division: Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis and their significance.

Unit IV: Plant Physiology:-

• Photosynthesis: Photosynthesis as a means of Autotrophic nutrition; Site of photosynthesis take place; pigments involved in Photosynthesis (Elementary idea); Photochemical and biosynthetic phases of photosynthesis; Cyclic and non cyclic and photophosphorylation; Chemiosmotic hypothesis; Photorespiration C3 and C4 pathways; Factors affecting photosynthesis.
• Respiration: Exchange gases; Cellular respiration-glycolysis, fermentation (anaerobic), TCA cycle and electron transport system (aerobic); Energy relations- Number of ATP molecules generated; Amphibolic pathways; Respiratory quotient.
• Plant growth and development: Seed germination; Phases of Plant growth and plant growth rate; Conditions of growth; Differentiation, dedifferentiation and redifferentiation; Sequence of developmental process in a plant cell; Growth regulators- auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA;

Unit V: Human Physiology:-

• Breathing and Respiration: Respiratory organs in animals (recall only); Respiratory system in humans; Mechanism of breathing and its regulation in humans-Exchange of gases, transport of gases and regulation of respiration Respiratory volumes; Disorders related to respiration-Asthma, Emphysema, Occupational respiratory disorders.
• Body fluids and circulation: Composition of blood, blood groups, coagulation of blood; Composition of lymph and its function; Human circulatory system-Structure of human heart and blood vessels; Cardiac cycle, cardiac output, ECG, Double circulation; Regulation of cardiac activity; Disorders of circulatory system-Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Angina pectoris, Heart failure.
• Excretory products and their elimination: Modes of excretion- Ammonotelism, ureotelism, uricotelism; Human excretory system-structure and fuction; Urine formation, Osmoregulation; Regulation of kidney function-Renin-angiotensin, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ADH and Diabetes insipidus; Role of other organs in excretion; Disorders; Uraemia, Renal failure, Renal calculi, Nephritis; Dialysis and artificial kidney.
• Locomotion and Movement: Types of movement- ciliary, fiagellar, muscular; Skeletal muscle- contractile proteins and muscle contraction; Skeletal system and its functions (To be dealt with the relevant practical of Practical syllabus); Joints; Disorders of muscular and skeletal system-Myasthenia gravis, Tetany, Muscular dystrophy, Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout.
• Neural control and coordination: Neuron and nerves; Nervous system in humanscentral nervous system, peripheral nervous system and visceral nervous system; Generation and conduction of nerve impulse;
• Chemical coordination and regulation: Endocrine glands and hormones; Human endocrine system-Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Gonads; Mechanism of hormone action (Elementary Idea); Role of hormones as messengers and regulators, Hypo-and hyperactivity and related disorders (Common disorders e.g. Dwarfism, Acromegaly, Cretinism, goiter, exopthalmic goiter, diabetes, Addison’s disease).

(Imp: Diseases and disorders mentioned above to be dealt in brief.)

‍Unit VI: Reproduction:-

• Sexual reproduction in flowering plants: Flower structure; Development of male and female gametophytes; Pollination-types, agencies and examples; Outbreeding devices; Pollen-Pistil interaction; Double fertilization; Post fertilization events- Development of endosperm and embryo, Development of seed and formation of fruit; Special modes- apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony; Significance of seed and fruit formation.
• Human Reproduction: Male and female reproductive systems; Microscopic anatomy of testis and ovary; Gametogenesis-spermatogenesis & oogenesis; Menstrual cycle; Fertilisation, embryo development upto blastocyst formation, implantation; Pregnancy and placenta formation (Elementary idea); Parturition (Elementary idea); Lactation (Elementary idea).
• Reproductive health: Need for reproductive health and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD); Birth control-Need and Methods, Contraception and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP); Amniocentesis; Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies – IVF, ZIFT, GIFT (Elementary idea for general awareness).

Unit VII: Genetics and Evolution:-

• Heredity and variation: Mendelian Inheritance; Deviations from Mendelism- Incomplete dominance, Co-dominance, Multiple alleles and Inheritance of blood groups, Pleiotropy; Elementary idea of polygenic inheritance; Chromosome theory of inheritance; Chromosomes and genes; Sex determination-In humans, birds, honey bee; Linkage and crossing over; Sex linked inheritance-Haemophilia, Colour blindness; Mendelian disorders in humans-Thalassemia; Chromosomal disorders in humans; Down’s syndrome, Turner’s and Klinefelter’s syndromes.
• Molecular basis of Inheritance: Search for genetic material and DNA as genetic material; Structure of DNA and RNA; DNA packaging; DNA replication; Central dogma; Transcription, genetic code, translation; Gene expression and regulation- Lac Operon; Genome and human genome project; DNA finger printing, protein biosynthesis.
• Evolution: Origin of life; Biological evolution and evidences for biological evolution from Paleontology, comparative anatomy, embryology and molecular evidence); Darwin’s contribution, Modern Synthetic theory of Evolution; Mechanism of evolution- Variation (Mutation and Recombination) and Natural Selection with examples, types of natural selection; Gene flow and genetic drift; Hardy-Weinberg’s principle; Adaptive Radiation; Human evolution.

Unit VIII: Biology and Human Welfare:-

• Health and Disease; Pathogens; parasites causing human diseases (Malaria, Filariasis, Ascariasis. Typhoid, Pneumonia, common cold, amoebiasis, ring worm, dengue, chikungunya); Basic concepts of immunology-vaccines; Cancer, HIV and AIDS; Adolescence, drug and alcohol abuse.Tobacco abuse
• Microbes in human welfare: In household food processing, industrial production, sewage treatment, energy generation and as biocontrol agents and biofertilizers.

Unit 9: Biotechnology and its Applications

• Principles and process of Biotechnology: Genetic engineering (Recombinant DNA technology).
• Application of Biotechnology in health and agriculture: Human insulin and vaccine production, gene therapy; Genetically modified organisms-Bt crops; Transgenic Animals; Biosafety issues-Biopiracy and patents.

Unit 10: Ecology and Environment

• Organisms and environmentPopulation interactions-mutualism, competition, predation, parasitism; Population attributes-growth, birth rate and death rate, age distribution.
• Ecosystem: Patterns, components; productivity and decomposition; Energy flow; Pyramids of number, biomass, energy
• Biodiversity and its conservation: Concept of Biodiversity; Patterns of Biodiversity; Importance of Biodiversity; Loss of Biodiversity; Biodiversity conservation; Hotspots, endangered organisms, extinction, Red Data Book, biosphere reserves, National parks and sanctuaries, Sacred Groves.

Chapter-wise Syllabus Analysis for NEET 2025 Biology

Class 11

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Class 12

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Types of Questions Asked from NEET 2025 Biology Syllabus

1. Lecithin, a small molecular weight organic compound found in living tissues, is an example of: 

a. Amino acids

b. Phospholipids

c. Glycerides

d. Carbohydrates

Answer: 

(b) Phospholipids

Explanation:

Lecithin is a type of phospholipid. It is an important component of cell membranes and plays a key role in cell structure and function.

2. Spindle fibres attach to kinetochores of chromosomes during: 

a. Prophase

b. Metaphase

c. Anaphase

d. Telophase

Answer:

‍(b) Metaphase

‍Explanation:

‍Spindle fibres attach to the kinetochores of chromosomes during metaphase. During this stage, the chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, and the spindle fibres help pull the chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell in preparation for division.

3. Match List I with List II

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Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

a. A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I 

b. A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV

c. A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

d. A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

Answer:

‍(a) A-III, B-II, C-IV, D-I 

Explanation:

• The nucleolus is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the assembly of ribosomes.
• Centrioles are cylindrical structures involved in organizing the microtubules during cell division, and they have a cartwheel-like structure.
• Leucoplasts (a type of plastid) are involved in storing nutrients, such as starch, proteins, and lipids.
• The Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging lipids and proteins. It plays a key role in the formation of glycolipids.

4. Identify the set of correct statements:

A. The flowers of Vallisneria are colourful and produce nectar. 

B. The flowers of water lily are not pollinated by water. 

C. In most water-pollinated species, the pollen grains are protected from wetting. 

D. Pollen grains of some hydrophytes are long and ribbon-like. 

E. In some hydrophytes, the pollen grains are carried passively inside water.

a. C, D and E only

b. A, B, C and D only

c. A, C, D and E only

d. B, C, D and E only

Answer:

‍(a) C, D and E only

Explanation:

A. The flowers of Vallisneria are colourful and produce nectar.

• Incorrect. The flowers of Vallisneria are usually inconspicuous, and they do not produce nectar to attract pollinators. Vallisneria typically relies on water for pollination.

B. The flowers of water lily are not pollinated by water.

• Correct. Water lilies are primarily pollinated by insects, not by water.

C. In most water-pollinated species, the pollen grains are protected from wetting.

• Correct. In many water-pollinated species, pollen grains are designed to be resistant to wetting, which is necessary to survive in aquatic environments.

D. Pollen grains of some hydrophytes are long and ribbon-like.

• Correct. Some hydrophytes (water plants) have long, ribbon-like pollen grains to aid in floating and movement through water.

E. In some hydrophytes, the pollen grains are carried passively inside water.

• Correct. In some water-pollinated plants, pollen grains are carried by the movement of water currents.

Thus, the correct set of statements is C, D, and E only.

5. Given below are two statements: 

Statement I: Parenchyma is living but collenchyma is dead tissue. 

Statement II: Gymnosperms lack xylem vessels but the presence of xylem vessels is the characteristic of angiosperms. 

In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: 

a. Both Statement I and Statement II are true 

b. Both Statement I and Statement II are false 

c. Statement I is true but Statement II is false 

d. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Answer:

‍(d) Statement I is false but Statement II is true

Explanation:

• Statement I: "Parenchyma is living but collenchyma is dead tissue."

Incorrect. Parenchyma is a living tissue, but collenchyma is also a living tissue, not dead. Collenchyma provides support and is found in regions of growing plants.

• Statement II: "Gymnosperms lack xylem vessels but the presence of xylem vessels is the characteristic of angiosperms."

Correct. Gymnosperms do not have xylem vessels; instead, they have tracheids for water conduction. Angiosperms, on the other hand, have xylem vessels, which are more efficient in transporting water.

How to Prepare for NEET Biology?

The most significant portion of the 2025 test is NEET Biology. Candidates must thus begin studying as soon as possible for the NEET 2025 Biology Exam. Proficient candidates and professionals have provided valuable tips for getting ready for the biology portion of the NEET 2025. 

Go Through the NEET Syllabus

It's critical to comprehend the curriculum for the NEET 2025 Biology subject if you want to do well. Class 11 and Class 12 material are covered in the test, albeit there are different numbers of questions from each class. About forty to forty-two questions, or roughly 45% of the Biology portion, will come from the Class 11 syllabus. 

The remaining questions—roughly 48–50—come from Class 12. It's important to consider this aspect while organising your study schedule or making edits. Candidates must thoroughly understand the biology curriculum for 2025 if they hope to succeed in the NEET exam.

Work on Time Management Skills

Effective time management is essential to NEET 2025 preparation. Prospective biologists should make extensive plans before beginning their study. Establishing a regular study schedule and allocating specific time for every subject is crucial. But the secret to this plan's success is to follow it through every time.

Creating charts, tables, and private notes is a great way to prepare for the biology portion of the NEET. Because biology is mostly a memory subject, note-taking and table-making are essential. Chapters can be better understood and retained for longer by being divided into manageable chunks. It might also be beneficial to include flowcharts, bullet points, different colours, and highlighters in your notes.

Solve Previous Year's Question Papers

Students need at least complete question papers from the last ten years to adequately prepare for the NEET Biology portion. Along with earlier NEET tests, it's beneficial to attempt question papers from AIIMS and JIPMER examinations till 2019. But it's advisable to begin working on these papers after finishing at least half of the course material.

In addition to previous exam papers, NEET practice exams are crucial. Answering a lot of practice exams allows you to cover all the major themes that may be covered in the NEET Biology section, as there is a limit to the number of questions that may be asked in the subject.

Find the Right Books

Selecting the appropriate books is essential for NEET 2025 Biology preparation. Examinees receive 360 marks for the biology subject, which has 100 questions covering both zoology and botany. This is a very important area, and applicants should pay close attention to it.

Suggested reading for NEET UG 2025 Biology is one of the subjects that aid in idea comprehension and get students ready for objective questions. For NEET biology study, NCERT books for Classes 11 and 12 are a must. They establish a solid basis and broaden knowledge in the field.

Botany and zoology are included in the NEET 2025 biology exam, where candidates can receive up to 360 marks. A solid biological understanding can result in good grades. The Biology curriculum for NEET 2025 should be properly studied by applicants, as it has an equal amount of questions from Classes 11 and 12.

FAQs

1. Is the NEET 2025 biology syllabus similar to the NCERT Class 12 syllabus?

Yes, the NEET 2025 Biology syllabus comprises the Class 11 and Class 12 NCERT syllabus. 

2. What are the deleted chapters from NEET Biology Syllabus 2025?

Almost 35% of the syllabus was deleted. The deleted chapters from the NEET Biology Syllabus 2025 include Taxonomy Aid, salient features, and classification of plants into major groups: angiosperms, secondary growth, transport in plants (except xylem and phloem), mineral nutrition, vernalisation, seed democracy, sense organs, digestion and absorption, reproduction in organisms, strategies for enhancement in food production, succession, and environmental issues.

3. What is chapter-wise mark usage for NEET Biology 2025?

The NEET Biology 2025 section in the exam is for 360 marks, with Molecular Basis of Inheritance, followed by Principles of Inheritance and Variation, Animal Kingdom, and Biotechnology: Principles and Processes.