SST Class 10 Geo Ch 2 Forest & Wildlife Resources Notes 2025 & Study Material

This chapter focuses on the importance of forests and wildlife, their conservation, and the challenges they face due to human activities. It emphasizes sustainable management of resources to maintain ecological balance

Here’s an overview of the key concepts, types, examples, and significance of Forest and wildlife resources. The class 10 Geography Chapter 2 notes, question banks, and other study materials are made to help students understand concepts clearly, regardless of their learning style. 

CBSE Class 10 Ch 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources Notes

Below, you’ll find links to downloadable PDFs of Class 10 Geography Ch 2 notes, organized by each type of question format.

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CBSE Class 10 Ch 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources Experiential Activities

Below are links to downloadable PDFs for Experiential Learning Activities in Class 10 Geography Ch 2, helping students connect their understanding of Forest and wildlife resources to real-life contexts.

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CBSE Class 10 Ch 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources Important Questions

Below, we’ve provided essential questions for Class 10 Geography Ch 2 on Forest and wildlife resources, covering all critical areas for a thorough review.

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CBSE Class 10 Ch 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources Question Bank

Below are links to comprehensive question banks for Class 10 Geography Ch 2, offering varied question types and detailed explanations of Forest and wildlife resources in one place.

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CBSE Class 10 Ch 2 Forest and Wildlife Resources Support Material

Below, you’ll find links to Class 10 Geography Ch 2 Support Materials that include case study-based questions from NCERT topics in Forest and Wildlife resources.

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Brief Summary of Forest and Wildlife Resources- Geography Chapter 2

Importance of Forest and Wildlife Resources

Forests and wildlife play a crucial role in maintaining ecological stability by regulating the climate, purifying the air, maintaining the water cycle, and providing resources for human use.

Biodiversity, which includes plants, animals, and microorganisms, is essential for ecological balance and human survival.

Types of Forests in India

India is home to a variety of forest types due to its diverse climate and geography. The major types include:

Tropical Evergreen Forests: Found in regions with heavy rainfall, such as the Western Ghats and Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Tropical Deciduous Forests: Common in regions with moderate rainfall; known as monsoon forests.

Thorn Forests and Scrubs: Found in arid regions with sparse vegetation.

Montane Forests: Found in mountainous regions, including temperate and alpine forests.

Mangrove Forests: Found in coastal areas and delta regions like the Sundarbans.

Causes of Forest and Wildlife Depletion

Forests and wildlife are under threat due to various human activities, including:

• Deforestation for agriculture, urbanisation, and industrialisation.
• Overgrazing by livestock leads to soil erosion and vegetation loss.
• Mining and quarrying, destroy natural habitats.
• Poaching and hunting are causing a decline in wildlife populations.
• Monoculture practices in plantations, reduce biodiversity.

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Conservation of Forests and Wildlife

The chapter stresses the need for conservation measures to protect and sustain forests and wildlife. Key points include:

Government Policies and Programs:

• Wildlife Protection Act (1972): Provides protection to wildlife and plants and establishes national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
• Forest Conservation Act (1980): Restricts deforestation and promotes afforestation.

Project Tiger and Project Elephant

• Initiatives to protect endangered species.

Biosphere Reserves

• Protect biodiversity hotspots and promote sustainable use.

Afforestation and Reforestation

• Replenishing forests through planting trees.

Conservation Initiatives

Joint Forest Management (JFM): Involves local communities in forest conservation efforts, promoting participatory management.

Sacred Groves: Certain communities protect forests as sacred spaces, preserving biodiversity.

Eco-tourism: Encourages sustainable tourism in forested regions, providing economic benefits while promoting conservation.

Categories of Biodiversity

Biodiversity is classified based on the degree of threat:

• Endangered Species: At risk of extinction, e.g., Bengal Tiger, Asiatic Lion.
• Vulnerable Species: Likely to become endangered, e.g., Gangetic Dolphin.
• Rare Species: Small populations, e.g., Himalayan Brown Bear.
• Extinct Species: No known individuals left, e.g., Dodo.

Role of Local Communities

Local communities play a vital role in conservation through traditional practices, sacred groves, and active participation in governmental programs. Examples include:

• Chipko Movement: Villagers in Uttarakhand hugging trees to prevent deforestation.
• Beel Conservation in Assam: Communities protecting wetlands as habitats for birds.

Sustainable Management of Resources

The chapter advocates sustainable practices to balance human needs with environmental conservation:

• Promote agroforestry to combine agriculture and forestry.
• Minimize the use of non-renewable resources.
• Implement policies encouraging renewable energy use and eco-friendly practices.

Challenges in Conservation

• Climate Change: Affects the growth and survival of forests and wildlife.
• Illegal Activities: Poaching and smuggling of wildlife products persist.
• Population Pressure: Leads to over-exploitation of resources.

The chapter highlights the need for a balanced approach between economic development and ecological conservation. By adopting sustainable practices, promoting conservation policies, and involving communities, we can ensure the protection of forests and wildlife for future generations. This approach aligns with the principles of sustainable development and biodiversity preservation, fostering a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

How is the Chapter-wise Material Beneficial for Students?

These resources not only simplify the learning process but also make exam preparation more focused and strategic. Here's how chapter-wise material proves to be beneficial for students:

Makes Learning Simpler and More Focused

Breaking the syllabus into chapter-wise sections allows students to concentrate on one topic at a time. Instead of being overwhelmed by the vast syllabus, they can take smaller, manageable portions, ensuring better focus, understanding, and retention of information.

Encourages Structured and Organized Preparation

Having chapter-wise materials ensures that students can approach their studies in an organized way. They can create a systematic study plan by prioritizing chapters based on their weightage in the exam or difficulty level. This structure helps them cover the syllabus more efficiently.

Comprehensive Coverage of All Question Typologies

One of the highlights of chapter-wise materials is their inclusivity. These resources often include all types of questions—objective, subjective, application-based, and case studies. This diverse range helps students become familiar with different question patterns and prepares them to tackle any question confidently in the exam.

Provides In-Depth Explanations and Insights

Chapter-wise resources typically offer detailed explanations of concepts, theories, and examples related to each topic. This ensures students understand the subject thoroughly without leaving any gaps in their knowledge. Complex topics are simplified, making even difficult chapters easier to grasp.

Streamlines Revision

Revision becomes far more effective with chapter-wise materials. Instead of flipping through entire textbooks, students can quickly refer to concise and focused notes for each chapter. This is especially useful during last-minute revision when time is limited, helping students recall important points effortlessly.

Chapter-wise study material is not just a tool but a complete solution to mastering the syllabus in a structured and efficient manner. It simplifies learning, saves time, improves retention, and enhances exam preparedness, all while building essential analytical and problem-solving skills. By integrating these resources into their study routine, students can confidently tackle any challenge and excel in their exams.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why are forests important for the environment?

Forests play a crucial role in regulating the climate, maintaining the water cycle, preventing soil erosion, and providing oxygen. They are also essential for biodiversity, offering habitats for wildlife and supporting various plant species.

What are the different types of forests found in India?

India has several types of forests, including:

• Tropical Evergreen Forests
• Tropical Deciduous Forests
• Temperate Evergreen Forests
• Mangrove Forests
• Montane Forests Each type is found in different climatic conditions across the country.

What are the main causes of deforestation?

The primary causes of deforestation include urbanization, agricultural expansion, industrialization, and mining. These activities lead to the clearing of large areas of forest, resulting in habitat loss and ecological imbalance.

How does deforestation affect wildlife?

Deforestation destroys the natural habitats of wildlife, threatening their survival. Without forests, many species lose their homes, food sources, and breeding grounds, leading to a decline in biodiversity.

What are some wildlife conservation efforts in India?

India has implemented several conservation strategies, including establishing wildlife sanctuaries and national parks, promoting the "Project Tiger" initiative, and enforcing laws like the Wildlife Protection Act (1972). These efforts aim to protect endangered species and preserve their habitats.