Population Growth:

• Population growth refers to the change in the number of inhabitants of a particular country or region during a specific period of time or the last 10 years.
• Such population growth can be shown in two ways: in terms of absolute numbers and terms of percentage change per year.
• The absolute number added each year or decade is the magnitude of the increase. It is calculated by subtracting the earlier population from the later population.

• The other important aspect is the rate of population increase. It is studied in per cent per annum. India's population has been steadily increasing from 361 million in 1951 to 1210 million in 2011.

• The declining growth rate is a positive indicator of the efforts of birth control.

Population change:

• The population is a dynamic phenomenon as the numbers, composition and distribution of the population are constantly changing. This change happens due to the interaction of the three processes; births, deaths and migrations.

• The birth rate refers to the number of live births per thousand persons in a year. This indicates growth in both population size and density.

• Death rate refers to the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. One of the main causes of overpopulation in India is the rapid decline in death rates.

• The third component of population change is migration. Migration refers to the movement of people across regions and territories. Migration can be of two types: internal (within the country) or international (between the countries).