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Read the following statements about a constitution. Give reasons why each of these is true or not true.
(i) The authority of the rules of the constitution is the same as that of any other law.
(ii) Constitution lays down how different organs of the government will be formed.
(iii) The rights of citizens and limits on the power of the government are laid down in the constitution.
(iv) A constitution is about institutions, not about values.
(i) The first sentence about the constitution is not true because an ordinary law can be passed by the Parliament and can be changed easily but the rules of the constitution have greater authority, and even Parliament has to abide by them. For the amendments to these rules, a special procedure has to be followed.
(ii) The second sentence is true as the Constitution lays down in detail the structure, power and functions of the three organs of the government. These three organs are the Executive, Legislature and Judiciary.
(iii) The third sentence is true because the Constitution lays down the fundamental rights of citizens. The power of the government is divided into three organs i.e. Executive, Legislature and Judiciary which keep a check on each other. Therefore, there are limits on the power of the government.
(iv) The fourth sentence is not true because the Constitution is the supreme law. It formulates the composition, powers and functions of the various institutions of government. The constitution is guided by values which may be found in the form of the Preamble, principles, and values like, brotherhood, equality, fraternity, freedom, secularism, justice, etc.