Compare and contrast the changes in India with the pattern that was observed for developed countries.

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Chapter 2

NCERT

Class 10

Economics

Solutions

3. Compare and contrast the changes in India with the pattern that was observed for developed countries. What kind of changes between sectors were desired but did not happen in India?

Question:

Compare and contrast the changes in India with the pattern that was observed for developed countries. What kind of changes between sectors were desired but did not happen in India?

Answer:

In India also, like developed countries, significant changes have taken place in various sectors, which are as follows :

(i) There has been a decrease in employment in the primary sector and an increase in employment opportunities in the tertiary sector.

(ii) The contribution of the primary sector to the GDP has decreased and that of the secondary and tertiary sectors has increased.

(iii) The growth in the contribution of secondary and tertiary sectors in employment and GDP in India is less as compared to developed countries.

More NCERT Questions

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(All Q's of this Chapter solved)

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The following table gives the GDP in Rupees (Crores) by the three sectors

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A study in Ahmedabad found that out of 15,00,000 workers in the city, 11,00,000 worked in the unorganised sector. The total income of the city in this year (1997-1998) was Rs 60,000 million.

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The workers in the unorganised sector need protection on the following issues : wages, safety and health. Explain with examples.

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Explain how the public sector contributes to the economic development of a nation.

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Give a few examples of public sector activities and explain why the government has taken them up.

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Discuss and fill the following table giving one example each from your area.

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Using examples from your area compare and contrast that activities and functions of the private and public sectors.

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Explain the objective of implementing the NREGA 2005.

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Compare the employment conditions prevailing in the organised and unorganised sectors.

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How are the activities in the economy classified on the basis of employment conditions?

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Workers are exploited in the unorganised sector. Do you agree with this view? Give reasons in support of your answer.

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Service sector in India employs two different kinds of people. Who are these?

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“Tertiary sector is not playing any significant role in the development of the Indian economy.” Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.

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Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment.

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What do you understand by disguised unemployment? Explain with an example each from the urban and rural areas.

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How is the tertiary sector different from other sectors? Illustrate with a few examples.

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Make a long list of all kinds of work that you find adults around you doing for a living. In what way can you classify them? Explain your choice.

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For each of the sectors that we came across in this chapter why should one focus on employment and GDP? Could there be other issues which should be examined? Discuss.

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Do you think the classification of economic activities into primary, secondary and tertiary is useful? Explain how.

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A research scholar looked at the working people in the city of Surat and found the following.

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Find the odd one out and say why. (i) Tourist guide, dhobi, tailor, potter

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(d) In terms of GDP the share of the tertiary sector in 2013-14 is between_________ per cent. (A) 20 to 30

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(c) GDP is the total value of _________ produced during a particular year. (A) All goods and services

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Choose the most appropriate answer. (b) Production of a commodity, mostly through the natural process, is an activity in _________ sector.

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Choose the most appropriate answer. (a) The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of: (A) Employment conditions

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Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in the bracket: (i) Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extentas production. (has / has not)

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With so many activities taking place around us, one needs to use the process of classification to think in a useful manner.

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The table below shows the estimated number of workers in India in the organised and unorganised sectors. Read the table carefully. Fill in the missing data and answer the questions that follow.

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How would you distinguish between organised and unorganised sectors? Explain in your own words.

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Talk to someone who has a regular job in the organised sector and another who works in the unorganised sector. Compare and contrast their working conditions in all aspects.

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Look at the following examples. Which of these are unorganised sector activities?(i)A teacher taking classes in a school

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Do you see the differences in the conditions of work between Kanta and Kamal?

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In what ways can employment be increased in urban areas?

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How would income and employment increase if farmers were provided with irrigation and marketing facilities?

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Imagine that you are the village head. In that capacity suggest some activities that you think should be taken up under this Act that would also increase the income of people? Discuss.

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Why do you think MGNREGA 2005 is referred to as ‘ Right to work’ ?

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What groups of people do you think are unemployed or underemployed in your area? Can you think of some measures that could be taken up for them?

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Why should we be worried about underemployment?

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Desired changes which have not happened in the sectors of India :

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Choose the correct answer : Underemployment occurs when people

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Complete the table using the data given in Graphs 2 and 3 and answer the question that follows. Ignore if data are not available for some years.

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What does the comparison between 1973-74 and 2013-14 show? What conclusions can we draw from the comparison? Let’s find out.

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What was the GDP of India in 2013-14?

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Can you say which sector has grown the most over forty years?

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Which is the largest producing sector in 2013-14?

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Answer the following questions by looking at the graph: Which was the largest producing sector in 1973-74?

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Discuss with your teacher how you could calculate the total value of a good or service by using the method of value added at each stage.

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Correct and arrange the important aspects for calculating GDP from this Jumble.

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What does the history of developed countries indicate about the shifts that have taken place between sectors?

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Students in a school are often classified into primary and secondary or junior and senior. What is the criterion that is used? Do you think this is a useful classification? Discuss.

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Classify the following list of occupations under primary, secondary and tertiary sectors:Tailor – Workers in match factory Basket weaver – Moneylender

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Explain the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary sectors using examples other than those mentioned in the text.

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Complete the above table to show how sectors are dependent on each other.

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